Titanium Grade 2 is a commercially pure, unalloyed alpha titanium widely standardized under designations such as ASTM Grade 2 and UNS R50400. It offers higher tensile and yield strength than Titanium Grade 1 while retaining high ductility, excellent corrosion resistance, and a low density of about 4.51 g/cm³ with non‑magnetic behavior. With good weldability and formability, and machinability comparable to austenitic stainless steels when appropriate cutting parameters are used, Grade 2 is a strong choice for CNC machined pressure‑containing components, piping, and structural parts in chemical, marine, and industrial systems. Typical product forms include plate, sheet, bar, and tube that can be formed, welded, and CNC machined into pressure vessels, heat exchanger components, and general‑purpose structural elements.
Properties of Titanium Grade 2
Titanium Grade 2 in the annealed condition typically shows ultimate tensile strength in the range of about 420–470 MPa and yield strength around 330–360 MPa, depending on product form and specification. Elongation at break usually falls between 23–25%, with a modulus of elasticity near 105–110 GPa and Brinell hardness around 160–200 HB, providing a balance of moderate strength and good ductility for formed, welded, and CNC machined structures.
| Ultimate tensile strength (MPa) | 420-470 |
| Yield strength (MPa) | 330-360 |
| Young's modulus (modulus of elasticity) (GPa) | 105-110 |
| Elongation at break(%) | 23-25 |
| Fatigue Strength (MPa) | 240 |
| Hardness (Brinell) | 160-200 HB |
| Density (g/cm³) | 4.51 |
| Corrosion resistance | Excellent |
| Weldability | High |
| Maximum service temperature(°C) | up to 400 |
| Thermal expansion coefficent (10-6/ºC) | 8.6-9.7 |
| Thermal conductivity (W/(m⋅°C)) | 16.4-22 |
| Electrical resistivity (μΩ.cm) | 52-56 |
| Post-Processing | Annealing & Cold working |
| Anodizing compatibility | Suitable |
| Magnetism | Non-magnetic |
CNC machining Titanium Grade 2
Titanium Grade 2 is machinable but behaves similarly to austenitic stainless steels, with low thermal conductivity and a tendency to work‑harden near the cutting zone. Successful CNC machining relies on relatively low cutting speeds, sufficiently high feed rates, sharp carbide tools, and generous cutting fluid to control heat, chip formation, and tool wear. For precision components, rigid fixturing and optimised toolpaths help maintain dimensional stability, especially on thin‑walled sections, abrupt section changes, and weight‑sensitive geometries. These practices are especially important for pressure‑containing parts, heat exchanger components, and critical structural elements where surface integrity and tolerances are critical.
Available Finishes
For Titanium Grade 2 parts, appropriate finishing helps control surface condition to support corrosion resistance, fatigue performance, and cleanliness in service. Adjusting surface texture and near-surface integrity contributes to reliable sealing behavior, dimensional stability at interfaces, and consistent friction characteristics in sliding or bolted joints. When applied to Titanium Grade 2 CNC machining components, these treatments can remove machining marks, reduce stress concentrators, and prepare the material for subsequent coating or functional use.
For Titanium Grade 2 parts used in chemical processing, marine, or high‑purity systems, surface treatments also support cleanability, reduced contamination risk, and stable long‑term corrosion performance. Anodizing (Type II and Type III) is commonly used on Titanium Grade 2 to enhance wear behaviour, adjust surface friction, and provide visual identification or coding of components.
| As machined (Standard) | Passivation |
| As machined (Medium) | Sand blasting |
| As machined (Fine) | Media blasting |
| Brushed finish | Chromate conversion coating |
| Electropolishing | Anodizing Type II |
| Hand polishing | Anodizing Type III |
| Polishing | |
| Bead blasting | |
| Powder coating |
Frequently Asked Questions
What are the typical mechanical properties of Titanium Grade 2 in the annealed condition?
Titanium Grade 2 generally shows ultimate tensile strength in the range of about 420-470 MPa and yield strength around 330-360 MPa, depending on product form and specification. Elongation at break typically falls between 23–25%, with a modulus of elasticity near 105–110 GPa and hardness around 160–200 HB, providing a balance of moderate strength and good ductility for formed and welded structures.
How does Titanium Grade 2 perform in corrosive and elevated-temperature environments?
Titanium Grade 2 forms a stable oxide film that gives it excellent resistance to seawater, chlorides, and many oxidizing or mildly reducing chemical media, so it is widely used in marine and chemical processing equipment. Continuous service typically up to about 400 °C, allowing the material to maintain stable material properties in many heat exchanger, pressure boundary, and process plant applications when designed within allowable stresses.
What should engineers consider regarding machinability and design features when using Titanium Grade 2?
The machinability of Titanium Grade 2 is similar to austenitic stainless steels and benefits from low cutting speeds, relatively high feed rates, sharp tools, and generous cutting fluid to control heat and tool wear. From a design standpoint, features such as thin walls, abrupt section changes, and very tight tolerances may require careful process planning, while generous radii, consistent wall thickness, and appropriate allowance for finishing can help achieve stable dimensional results and surface quality. Where very tight tolerances or very thin walls are required, engineers should plan for process development, trial cuts, or adjusted geometry to maintain dimensional stability.