Titanium Grade 1 is a commercially pure, unalloyed titanium widely used for corrosion‑resistant, biomedical, and lightweight structural components. It combines low density with an excellent strength‑to‑weight ratio, very high corrosion resistance, and non‑magnetic behavior across a broad service temperature range. Its high weldability and good formability make it suitable for complex geometries, while CNC machining with controlled parameters ensures tight tolerances and high‑integrity surfaces on critical parts. Typical product forms include plate, sheet, bar, and tube for medical, chemical processing, marine, and precision industrial components.
Properties of Titanium Grade 1
Titanium Grade 1 offers a balance of moderate strength, high ductility, and excellent corrosion resistance, making it suitable for both formed and CNC machined components in demanding environments. The properties below are representative for design and process planning.
| Ultimate tensile strength (MPa) | 310-350 |
| Yield strength (MPa) | 220-240 |
| Young's modulus (modulus of elasticity) (GPa) | 103-105 |
| Elongation at break(%) | 28-32 |
| Fatigue Strength (MPa) | 240 |
| Hardness (Brinell) | 120-160 HB |
| Density (g/cm³) | 4.51 |
| Corrosion resistance | Excellent |
| Weldability | High |
| Maximum service temperature(°C) | 320-400 |
| Thermal expansion coefficent (10-6/ºC) | 8.35-8.6 |
| Thermal conductivity (W/(m⋅°C)) | 16-21 |
| Electrical resistivity (μΩ.cm) | 42-45 |
| Post-Processing | Annealing, Hot & Cold working |
| Anodizing compatibility | Suitable |
| Magnetism | Non-magnetic |
These mechanical and physical properties also drive tool selection, cutting parameters, and cooling strategies for CNC machining of Titanium Grade 1 parts.
CNC machining Titanium Grade 1
Titanium Grade 1 is machinable but requires carefully controlled cutting speeds, feeds, and coolant application due to its low thermal conductivity and tendency to work‑harden near the cutting zone. Stable tool engagement, sharp carbide tools, and generous use of cutting fluid help manage heat buildup and protect surface integrity. For precision components, optimised toolpaths and rigid fixturing support tight tolerances on thin‑walled or weight‑sensitive geometries. These practices are especially important for medical, aerospace, and chemical‑processing parts where dimensional stability and surface quality are critical.
Available Finishes
For Titanium Grade 1 components, surface treatments help control corrosion performance, friction behavior, and cleanliness in service. They also contribute to dimensional stability by managing near-surface material conditions while supporting consistent sealing and contact interfaces. When applied to Titanium Grade 1 CNC machining parts, these treatments can reduce surface defects, improve fatigue performance, and support stable long-term performance in demanding environments. For medical and high‑purity applications, appropriate surface treatments also support cleanability, reduced contamination risk, and stable long‑term biocompatible performance where required. Anodizing (Type II and Type III) is commonly used on Titanium Grade 1 to enhance wear performance, adjust surface friction, and provide visual identification of components.
| As machined (Standard) | Passivation |
| As machined (Medium) | Sand blasting |
| As machined (Fine) | Media blasting |
| Brushed finish | Chromate conversion coating |
| Electropolishing | Anodizing Type II |
| Hand polishing | Anodizing Type III |
| Polishing | |
| Bead blasting | |
| Powder coating |
Frequently Asked Questions
What are the typical mechanical properties of Titanium Grade 1?
Titanium Grade 1 generally provides ultimate tensile strength in the range of about 310–350 MPa and yield strength around 220–240 MPa, with 28–32% elongation at break, offering good ductility and toughness for forming and structural use. Its Young’s modulus is about 103–105 GPa, and its hardness is typically 120–160 HB, supporting lightweight designs with moderate load requirements. This combination supports lightweight, corrosion‑resistant parts that can be formed, welded, and machined for demanding applications.
How suitable is Titanium Grade 1 for elevated temperatures and corrosive environments?
Titanium Grade 1 maintains stable properties up to maximum service temperatures between 320–400 °C, provided that loading conditions remain within design limits. It offers excellent corrosion resistance in many chloride-containing, oxidizing, and mildly reducing environments, making it a common choice for chemical processing equipment, marine components, and other applications where long-term corrosion performance is critical. In CNC machined parts, maintaining these properties at elevated temperatures requires appropriate design safety factors and careful control of cutting and operating conditions.
What types of applications and part geometries are commonly specified in Titanium Grade 1?
Titanium Grade 1 is frequently used for medical implants and instruments where biocompatibility and low density are important, as well as for thin-walled or weight-sensitive structural parts. It is also selected for heat exchangers, pressure vessels, and fluid-handling components in aerospace and industrial systems, particularly where a combination of high corrosion resistance and good formability is required. Common CNC machined parts in Titanium Grade 1 include medical components, fluid‑handling fittings, thin‑walled housings, and light structural brackets where a combination of low weight, corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility is essential.